Iz'nagen (is'enhajen) d umezruy-nsen
Tas'ebh'it tamerbuh't fell-awen,
"Is'enhajen" d talgha taâr'abt n yisem-agi. Ass-a, qqimen-d Yimazighen ay yeqqaren i yiman-nsen "iznagen", wigi d Imazighen n Murit'anya ay d-mazal la ssawalen tamazight deg tama n Trarza, deg wegmud' (ccerq) n Nouakchott. S tefr'ensist qqaren-asen "Zenaga", yernu isem-a yekka-d seg uz'ar "ZNG" negh "Z'NG".
Taâr'abt ur tesâi ara imesli (ss'ut) [z'], meh'sub [z] ufay (emphatique), am deg "amez'yan" negh "taz'allit". Dgha, wid yettarun s taâr'abt, mi ara d-arun isem amazigh ay deg yella [z' ], nitni ttarun-t s [s']. Dgha d ay-a ara yilin yessawed'-iten ad rren "iz'nagen" d "s'enhadja". Dgha nezmer ad nxemmem dakk-n Aâr'aben ad ilin slan i yiwem "Az'enhaj", u rran-t "s'anhadja". Isem-a ad yili d talgha taznatit n "az'nag" (zenaga), imi, akk-n d-nenna, deg tentalyin (dialectes) tiznatiyin, [g] itteqqel d [j]. Ghas ma yella Iz'nagen negh Iznagen n Murit'anya qqaren-asen "Zenaga", maca isem-nsen aqdim yezmer ad yili yekka-d seg uz'ar "ZNHG" u ad yili *az'enhag, dgha ahat d win ay d-yefkan "az'annag"-agi ay nesseqdac ass-a. Ihi, isem-nni aâr'ab n Yez'nagen tegra-d deg-s talgha (forme) taqdimt n yisem n teqbilt-agi. D acu kan, d ay-n yessewhamen ma yella isem n "az'annag" ara yilin zik d isem n wegdud (nom ethnique), yeqqel yesâa anamek (lmeâna) n diri gher Leqbayel.
Yelha ma nsukk-d tit' (jeter un coup d'oeil) ghef umezruy n Yez'nagen-agi. Deg wedlis-is mechur'en, Amezruy n Yimazighen, Ibn Xeldun yenna-d dakk-n deg tallit-is llant krad' (tlata) n teqbilin timazighin timeqranin (confédérations). Tamezwarut d tin n Yeznatiyen. Tayed' d tin n Imes'muden, ma d taneggarut d tin n Yis'enhajen. Is'enhajen-agi llan la ttidiren deg ugafa (nord) n Unez'ruf (Ss'eh'ra), yernu llan d imeksawen u ttwassnen s yicett'id'en-nsen icuban icett'id'en n Yimuhagh (Itergiyen) n wass-a. Is'enhajen (negh Iz'nagen) llan ttwaâqalen s tdjelmust-nsen, abeh'nuq-nni ay yes tteffren udmawen-nsen am Yimuhagh. Iz'nagen-agi, asmi ay kecmen gher Lislam, uraren ddur' d ameqran i wakk-n ad zerâen ddyana-yagi deg Tefriqt (Mali, Niger d Senegal n wass-a).
Seg lqern wis 9 d asawen, bdan Yez'nagen la d-ttalin gher ugafa (nord) n Tmazgha, u bdan la zeddghen deg yidurar n Wat'las, deg yidurar n Arrif akk d tama tagherbit n Merr'uk.
Maca, seg lqern wis 9 d asawen, Iz'nagen uraren ddur' meqqren deg umezruy n Tmazgha. Deg tmurt n Murit'anya n wass-a, llant snat n tewsitin (leâr'ac) n Yez'nagen, d tid n Yimasufen d Yilemtunen, sbeddent-d yiwet n tgelda (royaume) idjehden, yeh'kem-itt yiwen ugellid isem-is Tilantan. Tagelda-yagi tella tesâa tamaneght, qqaren-as "Andagust" (Andagost) ma ur ghlid'egh ara, yernu yez'ra-tt-id wemsafer'-nni aâr'ab umi qqaren Al-Bakri u yura-d dakk-n tella d tamdint tamer'kantit u tettjar' deg ddheb. Akk-n yebghu yili, tagelda n Yez'nagen deg Murit'anya tessawed' ad teh'kem akk iberdan n tnezzawt (ttjar'a) deg Unez'ruf (Ss'eh'ra), yernu tella d ajerrid' n tuqqna ger Ugafa (nord) n Tmazgha n Tefriqt taberkant.
Tagelda-yagi tella tettnagh akk d tgeldiwin tifriqiyin, yernu deg tezwara n lqern wis 10, teghli. D acu kan, deg tezwara n lqern wis 11 yekker-d yiwen n umassan n ddin az'nag qqaren-as Ibn Yasin, yessawed' ad yesdukkel ighallen n Yez'nagen deg tallit-nni, u ssawd'en ad d-sbedden awanak (ddewla) d tameqrant, wa d awanak n Yemrabd'en (Almoravides) ay d-ih'err'en akal d ameqran seg lgherb n Tmazgha (Merr'uk, Ldzayer), u ssawd'en ad kecmen ula gher Wandalus.
Ma deg Ldzayer, awanak (ddewla) n Yiziriyen (zirides) d yiwen seg yiwunak ay ssawd'en Yez'nagen ad ten-sbedden deg tmurt-nnegh. Bulughin U Ziri, agellid-nsen, d netta ay yerran Ldzayer d tamaneght n tgelda-yines. Sakk-in, yella-d umennugh ger Yiziriyen ghef wanwa ara iwer'ten, dgha, deg lqern wis 10, temfaraq twacult-a. Ah'ric seg-s yeqqim deg Ldzayer, ma d ah'ric nid'en r'uh'en gher tama n Meâdid (Maadid), anda ay d-sbedden awanak n Yih'emmadiyen (Hammadides) deg Lqelâa n Wayt H'emmad.
D acu kan, seg lqern wis 11 d asawen, tebda tezmert n Yez'nagen la tneqqes u ddewlat-nni-nsen merr'a bdant la ghellint. Deg Tmazgha tagherbit (Merr'uk d lgherb n Ldzayer), kkren-d wid ay yesseghlin awanak (ddewla) n Yemrabd'en, u sbedden-d deg wemkan-is awanak n Yemwehh'den (Almohades). Ma deg tmazgha tacerqit (ccerq n Ldzayer), awanak n Yih'emmadiyen yeqqel yesâa uguren d imeqranen akk d uwanak afat'imi. Yugh lh'al, Ifat'imiyen yellan deg Lqahira llan cerrd'en-d ghef wakk tigeldiwin (royaumes) inselmen n Tmazgha ad ttxellis'en tiwsi (leghrama) u ad ilin ddaw n leânaya tafat'imit. Nnig way-a, Ifat'imiyen llan d iciâiyen, yernu llan bghan ad zerâen Lislam aciâi deg Tmazgha. D acu kan, Ih'emmadiyen ugin ay-a yernu qqlen ur ttxellis'en ara tiwsi i Yifat'imiyen. Ay-a yesserfa axlif n Yifat'imiyen u yebda la itteg akk ay-n yezmer i wakk-n ad yeh'r'es Ih'emmadiyen akk-n ad qqlen am zik, ad ttxellis'en tiwsi. Ghef way-a ay d asen-yuzen (iceyyeâ-asen) tiwsiyin (tribus) n Banu Hilal ay yerz'an yernu sxerben kulci deg webrid-nsen. Ay-a yessawed' Ih'emmadiyen ad srewlen tamaneght-nsen seg Lqelâa n Wayt H'emmad gher Bgayet (umi semman imir-n "Nnas'ireyya", ghef yisem n Nas'er U Ulennas, agellid-nni ah'emmadi ay ibeddlen tamaneght). Lqelâa n Wayt H'emmad kecmen-tt Banu Hilal u rz'an-tt. D acu kan, ghas ma yella Ih'emmadiyen rewlen gher Bgayet, ur âett'len ara wwd'en-d Yemwehh'den u sseghlin-asen ddewla-nsen. Akk-a ay ifuk umezruy n teqbilt n Yez'nagen. Dindin ulin gher tqacuct n leh'kem, dindin s'ubben-d seg-s.
Tiqbilin n Banu Hilal sâer'bent cwit' cwit' Iz'nagen yellan la ttidiren deg Yegnan Iâlayanen (Hauts Plateaux) akk d Unez''ruf (ss'eh'ra). Deg Murit'anya d Unez'ruf Utrim (Ss'eh'ra Tagherbit), d tawsit (tribu) tahilalit n Maâqil ay yesâer'ben amur ameqran deg Yez'nagen n tmura-ya. D acu kan, ghas ma yella imezdaghen n tmura-ya ttusâer'ben, maca taâr'abt ay ttmeslayen (tin umi qqaren "tah'asanit", gran-d deg-s wat'as n wawalen imazighen.
Llan wid ay d-yeqqaren dakk-n Leqbayel (Izwawen) s'ubben-d digh seg Yez'nagen, maca ur nezmir ad d-nini ma is'ehh'a way-a negh ala.
Yugh lh'al, amezruy n Tmurt n Leqbayel deg Tallit Talemmast (Moyen-Âge) ulac at'as n tghawsiwin ay d-yettwarun fell-as.
Ar timlilit ma yebgha R'ebbi
Rzut ghef :
http://fr.groups.yahoo.com/group/imedyazen1/
http://imedyazen1.tripod.com/index.html